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Tissue destruction erupts as synovitis, an inflammation of the joint capsule consisting of the synovial membrane and synovial fluid. The chronic inflammatory state in insufficiently treated RA patients leads to a complex clinical picture with systemic manifestations noticed in lungs, muskuloskeletal system (cartilage destruction, bone erosion and loss range of motion) and hematologic abnormalities, such as anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Serum CRP levels in RA patients of around 3 mg/L are associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and levels up to 10 mg/L are associated with a very high risk of CVD. Indications of disease activity and progression are elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Clinical symptoms in early stage RA are characterized by swollen tender joints and morning stiffness. RA can also include effects on the cardiovascular system, cancer, and a wide spectrum of conditions such as depression, mental difficulties, fatique and physical disabilities. RA is frequently a progressive disease, with inflammation and tissue degradation in joints leading to painful deformity and immobility. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder affecting both small and large joints leading to their destruction. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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A Private Cardiology Practice provided support in the form of salaries for PL. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.įunding: This study was funded by: VEGA (2/0136/20), APVV (15-0308), and OncoReSearch in the form of grants awarded to PP. Received: FebruAccepted: JPublished: September 28, 2021Ĭopyright: © 2021 Gvozdjáková et al.
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PLoS ONE 16(9):Įditor: Siyaram Pandey, University of Windsor, CANADA (2021) Platelet mitochondrial respiration and coenzyme Q 10 could be used as new diagnostic strategy for mitochondrial dysfunction in rheumatoid diseases. Citation: Gvozdjáková A, Sumbalová Z, Kucharská J, Szamosová M, Čápová L, Rausová Z, et al.